Physiology 844 – Neurophysiology
نویسنده
چکیده
Additional research papers will be used to supplement specific topics and will be listed with each topic. 1. Diagram a mechanical model of muscle. What actual structures in muscle may the individual components in the model correspond to? (R. p. 9-10) 2. Draw a diagram illustrating the length-tension relationship of muscle for active contraction and passive stretch. (R. p. 11) What is the contribution of passive tension? How does the time course of twitch tension vary with muscle length? Compare this to the relation between joint position and torque determined for the tibialis anterior muscle in humans. (R. p. 18) 3. Explain the characteristic features of the length-tension relationship of muscle in terms of interactions between actin and myosin filaments. Account for 1) the ascending portion of the curve, 2) the peak, and 3) the descending portion of the curve. (R. p. 11) 4. Contrast the muscle tension resulting from synchronous versus asynchronous electrical stimulation of the muscle nerve. Which condition most closely matches natural activation of muscle by the CNS. (R. p. 16-17) How does fusion frequency (frequency at which muscle tension record becomes smooth as muscle nerve frequency is increased) vary with muscle length. (R. p. 18) 5. List some consequences for movement control of the length-tension and force-velocity relationships of muscle. (R. p. 22-23) 6. What is the end-point equilibrium hypothesis of movement control? Describe an experiment by Bizzi and colleagues that supports this hypothesis. (R. p. 25-28) 7. Describe the meaning of " convergent force field " as defined by Bizzi and colleagues and describe an experiment in the frog associated with spinal cord microstimulation used to demonstrate these force fields. (Bizzi et al., p. 442-443)
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